Bartholin’s Cyst Treatment

The first step in treating a Bartholin’s cyst is a consultation with your gynaecologist. During this appointment, the consultant will examine the area and recommend different treatments depending on the size of the cyst, whether it’s infected, and the level of discomfort you’re experiencing.

Some of the options they might talk to you about include:

• Antibiotics – if there’s an infection, antibiotics can help clear it up and prevent it from spreading.
• Pain relief – over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen can ease pain and reduce swelling.
• Sitz baths – soaking in warm water for about 10-15 minutes, a few times a day, can help the cyst drain naturally and soothe any soreness.
• Needle aspiration – your doctor might gently drain the cyst using a small needle and syringe to relieve pressure.
• Word catheter – a small tube with a balloon tip is placed in the cyst to help it drain slowly over a few weeks.
• Silver nitrate treatment – in some cases, silver nitrate is used to shrink or destroy the gland tissue. This is less common but may be suggested depending on your situation.
• CO₂ laser drainage – a carbon dioxide laser is used to make a tiny opening, allowing the fluid to drain.

If the cyst is large, painful, or keeps coming back, your doctor may recommend a simple surgical procedure.

Before any procedure, your doctor will give you clear instructions, such as when to stop eating and drinking (if general anaesthesia is used), and what to do to prepare to ensure a smooth experience. Don’t hesitate to ask questions – your comfort and understanding are essential.

If your cyst needs to be drained or removed, there are a few types of surgical procedures your gynaecologist may recommend:

Incision and drainage

A small cut is made to let the cyst drain. This is usually quick and may be done with just a local anaesthetic.

Marsupialisation

This is a minor surgical procedure where the cyst is opened and the edges are stitched in a way that keeps it draining over time. It helps prevent the cyst from coming back.

Bartholin’s gland removal

If you’ve had repeated cysts or complications, your doctor might suggest removing the gland entirely. This is done under general anaesthesia and takes about an hour.

Your doctor will explain exactly what they’re planning to do, and they’ll make sure you’re as comfortable and informed as possible.

Right after the procedure

After your treatment, it’s completely normal to feel sore or tender. Keeping the area clean and dry during this time is very important to prevent infection. Your doctor may recommend over-the-counter pain relievers to help you stay comfortable – just be sure to follow their advice on what’s safe to take. It’s also a good idea to monitor yourself for any signs of infection, such as a fever, increased redness, swelling, or unusual discharge. If anything feels off or you’re concerned about how things are healing, don’t hesitate to get in touch with your healthcare provider.

If a Word catheter was used during your procedure, it will usually stay in place for a few weeks to allow proper drainage and healing. If you had a more involved surgery, such as a gland removal, your recovery might take a little longer. Either way, gentle care and patience are key in those first few days.

Long-term recovery

As you continue to heal, you’ll likely notice improvements within a few days to a few weeks, depending on the type of treatment you received. Taking regular sitz baths, if recommended by your doctor, can help with comfort and healing. It’s also essential to avoid any strenuous physical activity, especially anything that might put pressure on the area. This includes holding off on sexual activity until your doctor lets you know it’s safe to resume. Don’t forget to attend your follow-up appointments – they give your gynaecologist a chance to ensure proper healing and to answer any questions you might have as you recover.

Risks and complications

Most people recover without any significant issues, but like with any medical procedure, there are some possible risks. Infections can happen if the area doesn’t heal properly or isn’t kept clean. Some people may experience bleeding or scarring, particularly if the cyst was large or the treatment was more invasive. There’s also a chance the cyst could come back, primarily if the underlying cause isn’t addressed. In some cases, an abscess can form if a cyst isn’t fully drained.

If you’re over 40 and dealing with a recurrent cyst, your doctor might send a small tissue sample to the lab to rule out anything more serious. Although rare, Bartholin’s gland cancer can occur, so it’s always better to be safe and thorough.